The Differences in Nonverbal Communication between Men and Women in the Workplaces

The Differences in Nonverbal Communication among Men and Women in the Workplaces Nonverbal correspondence involves the utilization body articulations, developments and motions that connote a specific viewpoint. Nonverbal correspondence assumes a significant job in passing data starting with one individual then onto the next. For successful correspondence to happen, the two gatherings ought to have the option to decipher the nonverbal prompts involved.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on The Differences in Nonverbal Communication among Men and Women in the Workplaces explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, one must be well furnished with the important information to empower him/her to distinguish a given nonverbal sign just as comprehend the message appended to that specific motion. People have diverse outward appearances just as changed motions most definitely. This paper investigates the distinctions in nonverbal correspondence among people in the working environments. Nonverbal signals uncover ones feelings as we ll as will in general uncover all the basic thought processes of the individual being referred to. Much of the time, they uncover dread, euphoria, trustworthiness, hesitation just as disappointment among others. The least difficult signals like the way colleagues stand or go into a room for the most part say a lot about angles, for example, their certainty, self-esteem and believability (Bryon, 2007, p. 720). A few practices likewise uncover people’s plan than they may understand. For example, one unconsciously passes data by the manner in which they sit, look and even remain among othes. Nonverbal correspondence happens in an assortment of ways, for example, eye developments, outward appearances and body stances. Eye to eye connection is a typical nonverbal correspondence angle. It is made through a progression of looks by one gathering (the speaker) to guarantee that the other party (audience) has comprehended or to gage responses. The audience utilizes eye to eye connectio n to show their enthusiasm for the speaker’s words or movement. Be that as it may, people act in an unexpected way. Most men will in general gaze toward the finish of articulations not at all like ladies who will in any case hold their eye to eye connection. As indicated by Espito, ladies use eye to eye connection more than their male partners do particularly as an indication of a slacking discussion (2007, p. 102). They do as such by turning away to give more consideration to others and articles inside their region. For example, when a lady looks at her watch, looks vacantly into the separation, or outwardly filters the room, she is giving unequivocal signs with her eyes that she has, basically, quit tuning in (Gorman, 2008, p. 44). Most ladies will in general talk about business related issues utilizing a social look rather than a business look. A business look involves putting one’s eyes at the mid temple of the audience. For the most part, it resembles a fanciful t riangle with the eyes at the base and the summit at the mid brow. When one keeps their look around there, they nonverbally signal straightforward, efficient approach.Advertising Looking for examine paper on sex contemplates? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When the nonexistent triangle is rearranged, one moves their concentration from the eyes to the mouth-a social look. Men have demonstrated to be acceptable at the business look instead of their female partners in the work places. Gorman contends that ladies should know that to be paid attention to in business cooperations, a business look has the most effect (2008, p. 52). At the point when men gaze at somebody in a business setting, their sole expectation is to challenge force or status, which isn't the situation with ladies. Ladies ordinarily take part in more eye to eye connection when holding a discussion. In any case, men don't look. Another perspective that recogniz es the two sexual orientations most definitely is that ladies are typically bound to be hindered when eye to eye connection isn't kept up with the other party contrasted with men. People vary in their appeasing practices that assist them with managing their pressure. Contacting or scouring one’s neck is one of the most huge and successive appeasing reactions to inward as well as outer stressors. Men may pull their neckline as a backhanded method to get more ‘breathing space’. They likewise express their worry by stroking themselves under the jaw over the Adam’s apple just as pulling at the meaty piece of their neck. Research has indicated that the beefy piece of the neck is rich with nerve endings that, when stroked, decrease circulatory strain, bring down the pulse and quiet the person down. Ladies appease by contacting their necks uniquely in contrast to men do. They on occasion contact or curve the pieces of jewelry that they may be wearing. Moreover, t hey contact or spread the empty region directly beneath the Adam’s apple when they feel undermined, frightful or on edge. For the most part, male officials will in general show their predominance in their subject matter by utilizing blame dispensing which is more averse to be related with the females. They ordinarily use blame dispensing in gatherings, dealings or meetings. As opposed to being an indication of power, forceful blame dealing (with one or four fingers) proposes that the individual is losing control of the circumstance. The situation of the legs is likewise a significant sign undoubtedly. At the point when men sit with their legs open, they mean an open predominant demeanor. A crossed leg position for men for the most part connotes vulnerability. The inverse is valid for ladies crossed leg positions show an open prevailing disposition in ladies. Sitting with legs separated in open discussions is a particularly manly sign that shows an elevated level of solace and certainty. The structure of intersection ones legs is additionally a critical angle in understanding the nonverbal signs of the two people. Intersection legs at the knee with the toes loose is the standard alternative for ladies. Then again, most men typically loosen up their legs and cross them freely at the lower legs. Intersection one leg and laying it on the other thigh (with the goal that one knee opens up) is an extremely manly position that stories up a lot of room and signals that the individual being referred to is certain about himself and of his place in the group.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on The Differences in Nonverbal Communication among Men and Women in the Workplaces explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More One’s strolling style says a lot about their certainty. Men will in general land decisively behind them and move toward the bundles of their feet. Then again, ladies get their weight forward-‘off their hee ls’. A few ladies, in articulation of their certainty, really stroll on the chunks of their feet. Another perspective that depicts ones certainty if the manner in which they welcome others particularly by means of a handshake. Men don't join a ton of essentialness to the manner in which they welcome others, subsequently it probably won't mean a lot to the beneficiaries. Then again, in ladies, a confident handshake is an indication of fearlessness. They establish a decent connection because of their certainty just as confidence. The measure of room required to feel great in work relations (when holding discussions) differs with people as well as with sexual orientation. Men who don't have any acquaintance with one another well will in general keep a more prominent separation between them than ladies who have recently met. The distinction in the relational separation as dictated by sex is even obvious in Web 2.0 virtual online universes where a large number of the standards tha t oversee individual space in the physical world can be found in the virtual world. By and large, ladies will in general methodology others closer than men do. Moreover, they lean toward one next to the other cooperations though men favor up close and personal discussions (Pathi, 2008, p. 110). The measure of room given to a person in the working environment implies their status. Space ordinarily shows strength and initiative. The higher the expert status a representative has, the more space the person is usually granted. Sexual orientation contrasts can't be recognized in such a setting. In any case, guys and females carry on contrastingly with regards to taking space during gatherings. Less certain men will in general draw in rather than their less sure female partners. Then again, sure ladies will in general keep their materials on the work area in one flawless heap while the men normally spread out their papers on the table. Both are taken as nonverbal articulations for their st rength just as certainty. While entering gatherings with a high status, female workers have a more prominent self-control than men do. Before going into the room where the gathering is being held, most male representatives will regularly change their coat, contact their hair or make different acclimations to what they look like. Notwithstanding, some female workers show such a behavior.Advertising Searching for explore paper on sex examines? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Ladies lean toward significant levels of nonverbal correspondence than men. Men’s nonverbal conduct related with predominance and force. A large portion of women’s facial and body movements signal neighborliness and agreeability. Then again, such movements show more reservation and control in men. Research as indicated that the motivation behind why most ladies are receptionists is that they grin in any event, when they are troubled. Then again, it is difficult for men to show their feelings through grinning. Moreover, ladies utilize outward appearances a great deal to send as well as to get messages. Actually, men don't utilize outward appearances so much. Trustworthiness is one of the basic beliefs of most associations in the contemporary society. In any case, a few workers may not generally be straightforward. Nonverbal signs have been end up being powerful in recognizing lies in such examples. For example, men

The Character of Kent In King Lear :: William Shakespeare Plays Essays

The Character of Kent In King Lear While perusing Eva Turner Clark's examination of King Lear, in her Hidden Allusions in Shakespeare's Plays, I was struck by the extremity of our translation of this preeminent show. Where Clark finds chronicled and political suggestions, particularly for the years 1589-1590, I discover individual ones. For King Lear is a play of inside, individual disaster. In view of this I unequivocally can't help contradicting her announcement, I consider Kent speaks to Drake. (P. 869 n.) Therefore I looked for another contemporary of Oxford's who might satisfy the attributes and characteristics of the Earl of Kent. In looking tor this model, I drew upon J. Thomas Looney's system. (See Shakespeare Identified, p. 80.) Simply expressed my assignment was to inspect the content of Lear, to draw from it an unmistakable origination of the character and characteristics of the Earl of Kent, and afterward search for a man who fits that depiction. When such a man was discovered it was important to associate him with the character of Kent and with the creator. In the long run I found that my origination of Kent had been precisely depicted by S.T. Coleridge, Kent is, maybe, the closest to consummate goodness in the entirety of Shakespeare's characters, but then the most individualized. There is an unprecedented appeal in an obtuseness, which is that just of an aristocrat emerging from a disdain of overtrained civility, and joined with simple placability where integrity of heart is clear. His energetic friendship for and loyalty to Lear follow up on our sentiments in Lear's own kindness: uprightness itself, is by all accounts in organization with him. (Complete Works of Samuel Coleridge, Vol. IV, altered by W.G.T. Shedd, Harper and Bros., New York: 1884, pp. 138-39.) The initial two prerequisites of Looney's outline had been finished. I had perused and inspected the content of Lear, and with the guide of Coleridge, I had out-lined the characteristics of Kent. It was presently important to discover the man. He should be gruff however enchanting; honorable and respectful, yet not domineering in rank or submissive to power. He should be faithful to his nation, his ruler, and his companions. He should be somebody qualified to lead men; even countries. (It must be recollected that Kent would one say one is of the triumvirate what it's identity is, inferred at the end of the play, will lead England's predeterminations.) He should be somebody who had won the most noteworthy regard and profound respect of Oxford; the man picked to be old King Lear's own victor (and, in actuality Oxford's moreover?

Book Recommendations for Sick Days

Book Recommendations for Sick Days Despite your best efforts to avoid it I see you with your constant Purelling cold and flu season is upon us. With any luck, youll escape unscathed, but if youre like me, youll spend at least a couple days honking and hacking and nesting on the couch, trying to kick the plague out of your system. And if youre like me, youll want to spend your sick days (Im on number four for the year so far; thanks, bronchitis) with just the right entertainment. While Ive been doing my fair share of Netflix-ing, here are my best book recommendations for your sick days: 1. Rereads: When Im sick, I just dont have the energy to absorb new  plot lines or to pay close attention to language. So I fall back on my favorite rereads, books that I know so well I can doze off mid-sentence and not lose the thread of whats happening when I manage to rouse myself. Also books that are exciting and plot-twisty and easy Im not about to reread Pride Prejudice. On My Stack:   Kartography by Kamila Shamsie, Before You Know Kindness by Chris Bohjahlian, The Night Circus by Erin Morgenstern 2. Harry Potter: Even though,  technically, this is also a reread, Harry Potter goes in a category all its own. Being sick makes me regress into being a kid again really, I just want my mom to come take care of me and no other series gives me  the same feeling, especially the early books. On My Stack: Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone, Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (all by J.K. Rowling, obvi) 3. Audiobooks:  Sometimes you just dont even have the energy to read pages, which is where audiobooks become a godsend. I like books that youve once read in print and are listening to for the first time, absorbing narratives, and genre fiction youre experiencing for the first time. On My Stack:   The Martian by Andy Weir, The Distance by Helen Giltrow, Lock In by John Scalzi 4. Short Stories and Essay Collections:  I love collections of short work fiction or nonfiction when Im feeling less than stellar because I can start and finish a complete piece without overdoing it. Plus, because Im reading these in short chunks, Im better able to absorb more complex work or denser writing. On My Stack:   In Other Rooms, Other Wonders by Daniyal Mueenuddin, Tenth of December by George Saunders, Is Everyone Hanging Out Without Me? by Mindy Kaling 5. YA:  There is nothing like a great YA novel to make you forget entirely that youre sick. Youll just keep reaching for the tissues while flipping pages and paying no mind to the raw skin around your nose. On My Stack:   Adam by Ariel Schrag, Fat Angie by e.E. Charlton-Trujillo, Ill Give You the Sun by Jandy Nelson So what books make it onto your stack when youre sick? ____________________ Did you know that Book Riot has a  YouTube channel? We do. It’s new and we are having fun with it. Check it out  here.

The Effects Of Peer Pressure On Children - 863 Words

Teenagers feel peer pressure everyday in their lives, whether in school or out in the town. During teenage years, kids in school differentiate themselves from their parents. Not only do teenagers give in to peer pressure, but also come up with unintelligent ideas at school. Thinking and feeling that their ideas are worth a million dollars. One of my friends in my math class at Spanish Fork Junior High came up with a careless idea that ended very reckless causing someone to get injured. When your friends come up with a crazy idea you need to keep in mind that consequences can occur if you give into peer pressure. Peer pressure not only has negative consequences, but also can have positive outcomes as well. In ninth grade my friends were playing out in the fields throwing footballs at each other during lunch time. Next to us there were a couple of girls who were doing tricks on each other shoulders. They were on the Spanish Fork High School Drill Team, and that’s when Chris got the idea that we should all try to do what they were doing. I noticed some girls were doing flips from each others shoulders. Chris, who considered himself to be very strong and athletic thought that it was the coolest thing. He wanted me to get on his shoulders and do back flips off. I told him no several times. He kept insisting that I would be fine. Chris and my other friends were pressuring me to give in, I hesitated a while. I was not thinking of what could go wrong, instead I listened to ChrisShow MoreRelatedThe Effect Of Peer Pressure On Children838 Words   |  4 Pages why? Children and teenagers everywhere are being constantly pestered by their peers to do what is â€Å"cool† in order to fit in. Unfortunately, some people will cave in to the enticing offer in order to keep their friends and a popular reputation. This is known as peer pressure. Peer pressure is the influence an individual feels from a person or group of people around his/her age to do something he/s he would not consider trying. In addition, peer pressure provides a number of negative effects such asRead MoreEffects Of Peer Pressure On Children2602 Words   |  11 Pages Effects of Peer Pressure on Children/Adolescents Mary Belcher Western Kentucky University Effects of Peer Pressure on Children/Adolescents Abstract Adolescent and/or children are in a stage where learning and experimentations are prevalent. At this stage, these two groups are not expected to have sound judgments or stick to their guts. They are easily swayed by different things, including peer pressure. This paper provides an insight into the influence of peer pressure on childrenRead MoreEffects Of Peer Pressure On Conformity1531 Words   |  7 Pages Effects of Peer Pressure on Conformity Jennifer Smith Argosy University Online Courses Research Methods PSY302 A02 Yvonne Bustamante April 13, 2016 Research Question and Hypothesis What are the effects of peer pressure on conformity? Peer influence increases during adolescence. Peer pressure can promote risky behaviors. (e.g.: Tobacco, alcohol, and drug use.) Peer pressure can lead to aggression. (e.g.: Hazing, teasing, ostracism can spark violence. Online hazing can trigger suicides.)Read MoreNegative and Positive Effects of Peer Relationships1564 Words   |  7 PagesPossessing a functional or dysfunctional family is of much importance to a healthy development, helping children through peer pressure, acceptance, and the anxiety of belonging. Yet how important is the environment that a child is raised on, this being shared or non-shared? How difficult or easy can peer pressure be? Will peer pressure help or deter a child from being functional. How much do these factors affect development from childhood to adolescence? This paper will explain the different stagesRead MoreMiddle Childhood Essay724 Words   |  3 Pagesmiddle childhood stage, children develo p more independence from parents and family. They understand more and can differentiate between right and wrong. Children at this age give more attention to friendship and teamwork, but continue to be strongly influence by their parents’ judgment. Their also yearn for love and acceptation from family and friends. They have ability to experience and describe feelings and thoughts with parents and friends. Middle childhood is a time when children develop social relationshipsRead MoreInt Task 1 Essay767 Words   |  4 PagesHomeschooling Effects on Children. 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It has traditionally been associated withRead MoreThe Social Problem Of Peer Pressure1659 Words   |  7 Pageswill be focusing on will be on how peer pressure is correlated to conformity. The sociological perspective I will be applying towards my research will encompass Symbolic Interaction Sociological Perspective. I will be addressing one of the many social problems that many adolescent males undergo. I will be addressing and highlighting adolescence males living in Los Angeles, California who are peer pressured into bullying by their peers a nd conforming to peer pressure that leads to Cyber-bullying andRead MoreTaking a Look at Peer Pressure634 Words   |  3 PagesPeer pressure is the influence of one’s peer group. In our society today peer pressure has become very relevant all around us. A lot of peer pressure occurs in high school and college, where people are just trying to fit in. In the paper, I will talk about how peer pressure affects individuals, examples of peer pressure and In the first article, which is called Relationships between degrees of self-esteem and peer pressure in high school adolescents, it examines the relationship between youths’Read MoreChildhood Obesity : A Epidemic Of Today s Youth1108 Words   |  5 PagesDisease Control, seventeen percent of children or about twelve and a half million adolescents between the ages of two and nineteen years, suffer from this disease. (www.huffington post.com//childhoodobesityrates.) There are many factors as to what contributes to these extremely high statistical numbers. One factor is peer pressure. Peer pressure comes in all shapes and forms and is used in all kinds of different situations. When most people think of peer pressure they think of drugs and alcohol, or

Discuss Charlotte Bronte’s portrayal of childhood in Jane...

Discuss Charlotte Bronte’s portrayal of childhood in Jane Eyre. Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s ‘Jane Eyre’ was a controversial novel for its time. It traces the heroine from an orphan child to a contented adult woman. Through the trials Jane experiences Brontà « highlights many hypocritical aspects of Victorian society, mainly focusing on the religious hypocrisy of the era. Subtitled ‘An Autobiography’, the novel in parts closely resembles Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s own childhood and her evocation of Jane’s experiences of Gateshead and Lowood remain as vivid as ever for the modern reader. Brontà « explores childhood feelings of hurt and loss, focusing on a solitary, suffering child. In these first nine chapters we see Jane at Gateshead, where she is the†¦show more content†¦Bronte has purposefully rejected the idea of a conventionally beautiful heroine; she told siblings ‘I will show you a heroine as plain and small as myself’. As a reader we have more respect for Jane because of these virtues, she has more emotion and does not appear placid. She questions everything, which is unfortunate at Gateshead as Mrs Reed doesn’t ‘like cavillers or questioners†¦there is something truly forbidding in a child taking up her elders in that manner.’ Jane is shown to possess a strong and rich inner life, but we notice also how much she internalises and, when attacked, retreats and finds solace in solitude, in the world of art, and in contact with nature. Something which recurs throughout the opening chapters is the emphasis on imprisonment and confinement: locked in by Nature (the opening sentence of the novel), by the Reed family, locked in the Red Room, and effectively incarcerated at Lowood school. In a sense this provides a key to her character within the novel - unable or not expected to express herself outwardly she has to internalise, to take her responses within, and to reflect on and analyse them. The windows keep her protected, although that is not what she wants. Isolated from the rest of the family until she could ‘acquire a more sociable and childlike disposition’, she loses herself in academic volumes; first

Pen and Paper Free Essays

Many people believe that formal â€Å"pen and paper† examinations are not the best method of assessing educational achievement.Discuss this view and give your own opinion.achievement ? improvement Schooling development is becoming increasingly popular and prominent as well as education improvement is (the improvement of education representing) (N+N) an essential stage for any countries(country) which seeking to develop itself. We will write a custom essay sample on Pen and Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Number of people (A considerable number of people ) think that using a pen and paper in examinations are(is) not the best way of appreciation education achievement(means by which to appreciate educational achievement) .Opponents regards(regard) that using(the use of) classic formal (pen and paper)examinations are(as being)(( the best manner of assessing education development (by which to assess educational development). This essay will discuss these tow (two) views in terms of the technological field and the traditional field .On the one hand , there is no justification for using traditional examinations in the presence (the face of the expansion) of technology . By(The use of) technological tools and programs becomes processing a data (makes data processing) after the test very(highly) comfortable and easy (straightforward). In addition , it can be use the information(the information can be used) to discover things(examine issues) such as the discovery of common mistakes , finding the most difficult questions and many more(so on) . Furthermore , it is really easy to correct examinations after the exams(subsequent to being sat) , as well as do not take a long(taking less) time to finish all it (such corrections). For example , the TCExam is an electronic tasting(testing) program which(for) making a exams and (that) it can correct 100 exams for (in) less than one minute . Because of technology , it could say (be said that) we do not use traditional exams are no longer needed.On the other hand , classic exams could reinforce a saving words(the retention of information) in the human memory rather(better) than any(other) method . For instance , According(according) to statistics , when the learner use writing(writes information) by hand , prevent forget words(they forget)30% for the (less of the information than a )person using a computer . Moreover , using a pen and paper in a formal are(setting allows for a) very straightforward examinations . When(When) are decided(deciding) to using(use) a traditional exams technique , there is only a need to (for) papers and pens , unlike technological exams which need to(a) complete set of equipment . and accurate . As a result , using(the use of a) formal (pen and paper) examination can represent a substantial element in education(educational) development .In conclusion , it might not be possible to cover all the aspects of this issue . However , this essay has focused only on the technological field and traditional fields . The most important points that have mentioned are that there is no justification for using traditional examinations in the presence of technology , and (whilst )using a pen and paper formal are(allows for a) very straightforward examinations . Finally , it can be said that using technological exams most likely represents the best way of assessing education(educational) achievement . How to cite Pen and Paper, Papers

The Knowledge of Human Existence Perception, Empiricism, and Reality An Analysis Contrived Through The Matrix and The Prestige free essay sample

Movies provide the audience with a unique experience. Not only do they entertain, they allow the audience to explore their own preconceptions. The most vital preconception that movies allow the viewer to explore and interact with is the definition and formation of knowledge. For centuries man has grasped for the true definition of knowledge. In this struggle many have fought for a unifying definition, this great conflagration of discourse and study did not lead to a unified definition of knowledge. Moreover, it leads to the question that still beats in the hearts of the philosopher and the movie-goer. What can human beings know about the experience of existence? How do we define it? Man’s struggle with the definition of knowledge and how we define existence is a driving force behind the questions asked by philosophers throughout history. From Plato to Descartes, from Aristotle to Kant, the understanding of existence became nearly an obsession of the great philosophical minds. We will write a custom essay sample on The Knowledge of Human Existence: Perception, Empiricism, and Reality An Analysis Contrived Through The Matrix and The Prestige or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is this â€Å"obsession† that drives Hugh Jackman’s character, Robert Angier in Christopher Nolan’s The Prestige. In this â€Å"obsession† Angier finds his match with Keanu Reeves’ character, Neo in Andy and Larry Wachowski’s The Matrix, whose transformation from computer hacker to an almost God like position of knowledge, stems from his obsession with defining his existence. While it is the character Neo who is lead or rises to a position where it is possible to fathom the nature of existence, it is the audience whom Christopher Nolan guides to this level in The Prestige. Before an understanding of existence can be examined, it is important to define the role of the audience in Nolan’s The Prestige. While Nolan’s characters are subject to an â€Å"obsession† directed towards the knowledge of each other’s methods, the true character receiving knowledge is the viewer. Cristel Russell in a piece titled, â€Å"Rethinking Television Audience Measures: An Exploration into the Construct of Audience Connectedness,† written for Marketing Letters in 1999 discusses the degrees of connection a television audience has. While Russell’s piece  is intentioned for an understanding of the relationship between a television audience and the images on screen in the sense of how to market to the audience, the similarity of the mediums allow for this to be an example for the filmic experience as well. Russell’s study asserts the strength of the connection the audience has, â€Å"viewers often reported that they imitate some of the intangible aspects of their television show, from the lifestyle of the actors to the philosophy portrayed by the character,† (Russell, 1999, p.401). Russell chooses the word â€Å"their† to suggest a possessive, included, position that the viewer takes with the images portrayed on the screen. It this suggestion of inclusiveness that suggests that the viewer becomes part of â€Å"their,† show. No longer is the viewer simply an audience member; they are a part of the cast chosen by the director and as such they become a necessary medium for explication of â€Å"philosophy† as is suggested by Russell. Nolan’s audience is not simply viewing, they are interacting with the film, and as such they are guided by Nolan to a realization, just as Robert Angier is. While, Angier’s â€Å"obsession† for knowledge is limited by his insatiable desire for revenge, he ascends on a philosophical scale. While this may seem reminiscent of the story of Plato’s cave, where a man trapped is freed by realization that his existence is limited to projections on the wall of his cave, Plato’s example does not serve Angier. It isn’t until his death at the hands of his old enemy that Angier is able to transcend to the realm of knowledge necessary to understand existence. It is in this moment that he realizes that all the tangible evidence of how his rival’s tricks were performed, were not the true illusion. The truth that Angier in his final moments is lead to believe, is that sacrifice is a necessity for perception to become actual existence. In his dying moments Angiers defines his own understanding of his purpose, while the film-maker paints it in a romantic sense, it provides the viewer with the true understanding of individual existence. It is just that. Individual. While shaped by the collective experience, the only thing a human being can say for certain is t hat their existence is their own, folding too completely into an empirical collective experience is as unfulfilling as life without death. Hence, Angier must die by the end of the film. (Nolan, 2006). Knowledge cannot be limited solely to a scientific explanation of why things are and why things aren’t. John Cottingham’s piece, â€Å"The Question,† from The Meaning of Life provides the  seeker of knowledge with an explanation for the limitedness of scientific inquiry. In the piece Cottingham highlights â€Å"religious discourse† throughout time as necessary force for further investigation into the why that creates the human need for knowledge of existence. While â€Å"religious discourse† may not provide an exact answer to what existence is, this is inconsequential as according to Cottingham, â€Å"But its advocates would urge that it none the less assuages the nausea, the ‘nausea’ as Jean-Paul Sartre called it, that we feel in confronting the blank mystery of existence,† (Cottingham, 2003, p.9). Here Cottingham’s inclusion of â€Å"religious discourseâ₠¬  as essential in understanding the â€Å"blank mystery of existence,† seems to undermine a definition of existence based entirely on science. â€Å"Science† as discussed in Cottingham’s discourse should be understood as empirical knowledge. Based upon Cottingham, this empirical knowledge, the tangible is limited in its ability to assist human beings in their understandings of existence. It is into this gladiatorial arena where Rene Descartes jumps as a opponent of a solely empirical understanding of existence. Rene Descartes provides a rational approach to the problem of understanding existence. Descartes rationalism is based upon his definition of the â€Å"material† of existence. Rather than being bogged down in the definition of â€Å"material,† Descartes comes to the conclusion that, â€Å"Consciousness is the essential property of mind substance,† (Collinson, 2006, p.81). Descartes’ definition of the â€Å"essential property† as espoused in Diane Collinson’s Fifty Major Philosophers opens the door for how human existence is defined. The â€Å"essential property† of existence is not based on tangible experience. Collinson highlights Descartes suggestion that the mind experiences the empirical sense of the body, but not because of direct physical experience, rather that, â€Å"ideas of primary qualities are not derived from sense experience but are innate,† (Collinson, 2006, p 83.). This idea of â€Å"primary qualities† can be applied to the question of existence as experienced by Neo in The Matrix. Neo’s character ascends from a plateau of empirical existence in the beginning of the film. He does not know that he is actually being deceived, that his definition of existence is a computer created dream state. This dream state although realized to be a manifestation of a computer program, is seen by Neo in his earliest iteration as real. He does not know he lives within a deception, because the computer-generated Matrix  maintains all the â€Å"essential qualities† of existence in Neo’s mind. It is not until he meets Morpheus that what he considers existence is a faà §ade.